![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() This review is aimed at raising new inspirations in the design and manufacturing of new-generation 3D-printed batteries.ģD-printed batteries have emerged as a class of unique energy storage devices with outstanding features of microscale dimensions and aesthetic diversity, which are vital to miniaturized and customized electronics. The upcoming challenges associated with 3D-printed batteries are then discussed, together with further research directions in terms of novel functional materials, advanced printing technology, and new device designs. The prominent roles of 3D printing designs in module architectures, battery configurations, and effective solutions to resolve several issues affecting the batteries’ performance are examined. We will briefly visit the unique features of 3D printing techniques and then focus on the printable battery modules as well as the approaches to make them and full cells printable. This review provides a critical overview of 3D-printed batteries, focusing on the close connection between printable materials and printing techniques, as well as the rational design considerations at all levels. To optimize the performance of 3D-printed batteries and realize their full technological potentials, it would be essential to properly understand the 3D printing designs with respect to materials used, architectures, and devices. Such technological superiority endows the batteries manufactured by 3D printing with outstanding features of tunable dimensions, high shape conformability, as well as enhanced areal energy densities and power densities. 3D printing technology offers unique advantages with its ability to produce geometrically complex shape or configuration designs and high-aspect-ratio 3D architectures. However, the currently available commercial batteries are regulated in large sizes and restricted in the usual form factors because of the conventional tape-casting manufacturing process. In the era of customized and miniaturized electronics, it is crucial to develop the required power sources, such as batteries, with microscale and aesthetic diversity. ![]()
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